USGS High Resolution Orthoimage, Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

Publication_Date: 2004

Title: USGS High Resolution Orthoimage, Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote sensing image

Description:

Abstract:

An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. For this dataset, the natural color orthoimages were produced at 0.3-meter pixel resolution (approximately 1-foot). The design accuracy is estimated not to exceed 3-meter diagonal RMSE (2.12m RMSE in X or Y). Each orthoimage provides imagery for a 1500-meter by 1500-meter block on the ground. The projected coordinate system is UTM with a NAD83 datum. There is no image overlap been adjacent files. The naming convention is based on the U.S. National Grid (USNG), taking the coordinates of the SW corner of the orthoimage.

Purpose:

These data have been created as a result of the need for having geospatial data immediately available and easily accessible in order to enhance the capability of Federal, State, and local emergency responders, as well as plan for homeland security efforts.

Supplemental_Information:

Spatial-specific information not available

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20040424

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: irregular

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate:-93.25768705

East_Bounding_Coordinate:-93.22800278

North_Bounding_Coordinate:44.9939683

South_Bounding_Coordinate:44.97905446

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none

Theme_Keyword: 0.3 meter orthoimage

Theme_Keyword: rectified image

Theme_Keyword: orthophoto

Theme_Keyword: natural color orthophoto

Theme_Keyword: orthoimage

Theme_Keyword: image map

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:

U.S. Department of Commerce, 1995, Countries, Dependencies, Areas of Special Sovereignty, and Their Principal Administrative Divisions (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 10-4): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Place_Keyword: US

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:

U.S. Department of Commerce, 1987, Codes for the Identification of the States, the District of Columbia and the outlying areas of the United States, and associated areas (Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 5-2): Washington, D.C., National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Place_Keyword: MN

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Place_Keyword: Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN

Access_Constraints: none

Use_Constraints:

None. Acknowledgment of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) would be appreciated for products derived from these data.

Data_Set_Credit:

This dataset was created in support of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) and the USGS. The data will support NGA's Homeland Security mission and "The National Map" of the USGS.The following companies produced the data to support this task -3001, Inc.EarthData International of Maryland, LLC

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Leica ADS40 Digital Camera SystemISTAR Digital Image Processing Software Z/I Imaging Orthopro 4.0Windows NT/2000 Systems

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

The digital imagery for each acquisition sortie is differentially rectified to produce orthophotography for the Red, Green, and Blue channels at a resolution of 0.3-meter per pixel. As a part of the ISTAR workflow, the data from the color channels is edge sharpened using the nadir panchromatic channel. The orthophoto mosaics are inspected for accuracy issues that fall in the following categories:Aerotriangulation relatedDSM relatedAccuracy issues will be investigated through review and correction of the DSM or triangulation adjustment. Once the imagery has passed quality control review, final radiometric adjustments are performed to create a uniform overall appearance.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Compliance with the accuracy standard was ensured by the placement of photo identifiable ground control points and the collection of airborne GPS data. Using several tools that are part of the ISTAR workflow, a digital surface model (DSM) was correlated at a post spacing of 2 meter depending on terrain and land cover. The ISTAR correlation algorithm computes the X,Y,Z value for each DSM post utilizing every stereo angle that is available. A series of DSM files were created for each acquisition block, one for each stereo look angle. A mosaic was then created from the separate DSM files where the best vertical value for each posting was selected from all look angles compared against the aerotriangulation adjustment which is incorporated into the mosaic. EarthData will then edit the surface to the level required to support the orthophoto production. An RMS value was calculated based on the imagery utilized in the production of the tile by comparing the AT X and Y coordinates. This value represents an estimate of the accuracy of the horizontal coordinate measurements in the tile expressed in meters.

Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 0.121371

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation:

The horizontal accuracy of the orthorectified images is mainly determined by the accuracy of the aerotriangulation and digital surface model (DSM). For each rectified image (lift), an RMSE value for all of the standard errors of the tie/pass/control points located in that image (lift) and computed by the aerotriangulation solution was calculated. The DSM accuracy assessment was achieved by comparing the aerotriangulation-derived elevation with the elevation of the DSM. In addition, visual examination was employed to assess all tiles and its relative edge match. All results were examined for consistency and its compliance with the NSSDA accuracy standard.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: EarthData International of Maryland, LLC

Publication_Date: 2004

Title: MN11504A

Source_Scale_Denominator: 50000

Type_of_Source_Media: Digital

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20040424

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Imagery

Source_Contribution: Digital source imagery for tile production

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: EarthData International of Maryland, LLC

Publication_Date: 2004

Title: Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN Digital Surface Model

Type_of_Source_Media: Digital

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20040706

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DSM

Source_Contribution:

Used to provide ground elevations for the orthorectification process

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: 3001 Inc.

Publication_Date: 2004

Title: Ground Control Survey of Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN

Type_of_Source_Media: Digital

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20040416

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: GPS ground control

Source_Contribution:

The control provides a means for referencing the project source imagery to a geodetic reference frame.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Source imagery: ADS40 Digital Camera Imagery. Control: Airborne GPS/IMU supplemented with photo identifiable field control. Aerotriangulation: ISTAR software package. Elevation Model: ISTAR software package. Radiometric Balancing: ISTAR software package and COTS Software (PhotoShop). Orthorectification: ISTAR software package. Mosaic: ISTAR software package and Z/I Imaging OrthoPro software package. The following section describes the ISTAR digital image production sequence. This is a mature, stable workflow and incorporates all production components into an integrated series of tools to accomplish photogrammetric mensuration, aerotriangulation, elevation model development, ortho production and finishing. Production processes are fully documented in accordance with ISO9001 mandates.The following is a step-by-step description of the ISTAR production workflow used to develop digital orthophotography to support the Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN task:1. The unprocessed ADS40 data and accompanying GPS and IMU data for one or more sorties is downloaded from the portable hard disks and checked to verify that no files are corrupted and that all data can be downloaded. 2. The GPS/IMU parameters for each sortie are optimized using the ground control points and the error calibration map. The horizontal and vertical positions of all ground control points in the block are observed in each channel (R,G,B, IR, S1 Pan ,S2 Pan and Nadir Pan). 3. Aerotriangulation is accomplished using the CLB tool that is a component of the ISTAR process. The ground control, GPS and IMU information is ingested and tie points between strips are identified. Normally, only three (3) tie points are needed between adjacent flight lines. 4. CLB produces a bundle adjustment for each data sortie. A digital file containing the RMSE computations of the adjustment is derived and available as a deliverable. The results of the adjustment are verified through the development of a sub-sampled panchromatic mosaic for the data sortie. The mosaic is corrected using the aerotriangulation points only. This mosaic is inspected by the photogrammetric technician to identify any gross errors in the adjustment as well as the identification of any voids or image quality problems.5. Using several tools that are part of the ISTAR workflow, a digital surface model (DSM) is correlated at a post spacing of 2 meter depending on terrain and land cover. The ISTAR correlation algorithm computes the X,Y,Z value for each DSM post utilizing every stereo angle that is available. A series of DSM files are created for acquisition block, one for each stereo look angle. A mosaic is then created from the separate DSM files where the best vertical value for each posting is selected from all look angles compared against the aerotriangulation adjustment which is incorporated into the mosaic. EarthData will then edit the surface to the level required to support the orthophoto production.6. The digital imagery for each acquisition sortie is differentially rectified to produce orthophotography for the Red, Green, and Blue channels at a resolution of 0.3-meter per pixel. As a part of the ISTAR workflow, the data from the color channels is edge sharpened using the nadir panchromatic channel. The orthophoto mosaics are inspected for accuracy issues that fall in the following categories:Aerotriangulation relatedDSM relatedAccuracy issues will be investigated through review and correction of the DSM or triangulation adjustment. Once the imagery has passed quality control review, final radiometric adjustments are performed to create a uniform overall appearance. The final 1500-meter X 1500-meter tiles are clipped out and the imagery is output in GeoTIFF format. GeoTIFF files will include the following GeoTIFF tags and keys:Model Tiepoint TagModel Pixel Scale TagGT Model Type Geo KeyGT Raster Type Geo KeyProjected CST Type Geo KeyPCS Citation Geo KeyProj Linear Units Geo Key7. The completed digital orthophotos are checked for image quality. Minor artifacts will be corrected using Adobe Photoshop in an interactive editing session. Digital files are assigned final names derived from the southwest corner of each tile and are based on the National UTM Grid.8. The project manager is responsible for coordinating and performing quality control on the project FGDC compliant metadata. File level metadata is provided in .xml format.

Process_Date: 20040723

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Grid_Coordinate_System:

Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

Universal_Transverse_Mercator:

UTM_Zone_Number: 15

Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -93.000000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: +00.000000

False_Easting: 500000.0

False_Northing: 0

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.3

Ordinate_Resolution: 0.3

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.2572221

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Position: Customer Services Representative

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address

Address: EROS Data Center

Address: 47914 252nd Street

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 605/594-6151

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 605/594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 605/594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1600, CT, -6h GMT, M - F

Contact_Instructions:

The USGS point of contact is for questions relating only to the data display and download from this web site.

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Data may have been compiled from various outside sources. Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards. This information may be updated without notification. The USGS shall not be liable for any activity involving these data, installation, fitness of the data for a particular purpose, its use, or analyses results.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Format_Name: Arc/Info Export Format and/or ArcView Shapefile

Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 8.2

Format_Specification: ASCII

Transfer_Size: 0.001

Digital_Transfer_Option:

Online_Option:

Computer_Contact_Information:

Network_Address:

Network_Resource_Name: <https://seamless.usgs.gov>

Access_Instructions:

The URL <https://seamless.usgs.gov> provides a map interface that allows for data downloads within a customer defined area of interest. Zoom tools are available that can be used to investigate areas of interest on the map interface. The download tool allows the customer to capture layers from the map, utilizing the Seamless Data Distribution System process for downloading. A request summary page is then generated with the download layers listed. By clicking the "download" button on the summary page, a zipped file will be generated that can be saved on the customer's computer. The file can then be unzipped and imported into various user software applications.

Online_Computer_and_Operating_System: Not available for dissemination

Fees: None

Ordering_Instructions: Contact Customer Services

Turnaround: Variable

Custom_Order_Process: Contact Customer Services

Technical_Prerequisites:

ESRI ArcMap Suite and/or Arc/Info software, and supporting operating systems.

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20040727

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: USGS

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing

Address:

EROS Data Center47914 252nd Street

City: Sioux Falls

State_or_Province: SD

Postal_Code: 57198-0001

Country: US

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-800-252-4547

Contact_TDD/TTY_Telephone: 1-605-594-6933

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1-605-594-6589

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: custserv@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM (Central Time)

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998